A place to share alternatives to popular online services that can be self-hosted without giving up privacy or locking you into a service you don't control.
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What I can tell you, working for a company hosting data for the UK NHS.
Is that hosting is easy, I have a very reliable homelab. I keep things up to date and make sure to secure things the best I can.
But security is hard, there are many things to secure. Blind spots you didn't even know you had.
The bast way to look at security, it to start with secure and dial things back so that it works.
Is it feasible to self host websites
yes
for small businesses
NOPE
Well, you say your business sites, so I assume you're okay with downtime. I would absolutely not self-host sites for someone else's business, because if something happens to the hosting (ISP outage, power outage, bad update, hardware failure, accidental deletion, misconfiguration, ISP block, flood/fire/storm, theft, I can go on) then it's my ass on the line. Simple hosting is cheap, spend the few bucks for a lot more peace of mind.
If you're very comfortable with containerization, networking, and security practices, plus you are a pretty decent full stack web dev, sure.
It's pretty trivial to set up a separate business internet line from your local ISP. Depending on the volume of traffic, a basic load manager and reverse proxy, combined with strong firewalls and container safety would be sufficient for most SMB needs.
You don't need much power to host a basic website. Setting up a local box with a low-impact distro, Docker, and some solid control-plane MGMT software should be plenty to host several dozen SMB websites.
There are a lot of technical and even legal considerations though. Do these small businesses need a web app on their site? Do they need a storefront? What about member-only content locked securely behind an authentication layer? Does your local ISP have rate limitations? Does your city/state/country have restrictions on offering business services like that? What is your liability if your setup gets hacked and your client's data is stolen/exposed?
Ultimately, you have to answer the question: Why shouldn't those businesses just go with an easy pre-made hosting solution like Squarespace, Wix, etc? Not saying there aren't good answers to that, but from a business perspective, the businesses will want to know that.
As with anything in business, ask yourself, what are you able to offer that they can't get easily somewhere else? I used to work for a tiny MSP that offered in-house data backups. Our clients paid a good chunk of money to have us backup their data to our own servers. I didn't say anything at the time, but our clients could have gotten much more secure and faster backup services for cheaper using something like Backblaze or Synology's S2 cloud backups.
Don't find yourself unable to clearly and concisely explain to your clients what you can give them that they cannot easily get somewhere else. If it's purely the principle of the thing, that's totally valid, but make sure that's what you're selling to them, and also what they are looking for.
If its just a simple static page. Just use cloudflare pages. It scales to zero and would probably be completely free for your use case.
Vercel is even easier to setup but they don't allow businesses on the free tier so it would be $20 a month for pro plan.
What are you trying to run? a VPS is pennies, and a phyiscal server isn't much more. We have a bunch of servers that are $40 a month each and they come with 5 usable IPs, 32 gigs of ram, 1tb SSD etc. The cost of getting a static IP for home will be almost as much as a server. If you want less you can get less for a lot less money.
I've self hosted my own personal website for years now and it's not really an issue outside of the power going out and my IP changing. I just update DNS and move on. But if this is for an actual work? Just pay the $10 a month, not having to worry about it is worth that money.
It’ll be vastly cheaper and easier to just get hosting somewhere.
Wordpress hosting (edit: THIRD PARTY Wordpress hosting, Bluehost and Hostinger are decent I think, see below) is fine for most small businesses and starts at about $10/mo. You can go fancier and more reliable and go up to $30/mo or something, or if you really need your own VPS you can go with Vultr or Hostinger and get a pretty similar price range for pretty much whatever you want to do.
I think the only reason to self-host is if you have some crazy special hardware or legal issue, or your own dev stuff that you don’t want/need to push to “the cloud” to put it online. Otherwise it’s such a buyer’s-choice market that it’s hard to justify.
Yeah... and unless you really, really enjoy configuring your own stuff and tinkering, a hosting service is much easier.
I happen to be insane, and enjoy that stuff. And it's not a business server (well, not anything big anyway).
Yeah. I've run plenty of services from a computer sitting in someone's office, or in my living room, while they're in-production-while-in-development. Sometimes it makes sense. But it's just not something you want to deliberately aim for as the solution. What if the power goes out? What if your motherboard dies? What if the toilet overflows when you're not there, and floods the place?
Just get a dedicated service and pay them their $10/month and have them worry about all that crap for you.
FWIW, it might be better to avoid wordpress hosting UNLESS you go with hosting from wordpress.com, since there’s kind of an all out war in the wordpress world right now and the fallout to people who just want their websites to work is unknown.
The tl;dr is that Matt Mullenweg, wordpress founder and owner/CEO of Automattic (which is the company that runs wordpress.com), has engaged in a Trumpish crazy war with wordpress hosting engine WPEngine, and in doing so has arbitrarily (in the name of his war) been doing crazy shit with the open source wordpress project.
EDIT: To be clear, I am NOT recommending wordpress.com. My logic in saying what I said above is that Mullenweg is being very hostile towards other hosting companies, specifically WPEngine. For a time he had cut WPEngine off from wordpress.org, which meant thousands of regular people and business running wordpress couldn't update their plugins or wordpress core because they had no access to the .org registries.
It's pretty unlikely that Mullenweg would cut his own for profit wordpress hosting company (wordpress.com) off from wordpress.org (the open source repo for the wordpress software and a vast majority of the plugins). And to be clear, I think Mullenweg is a piece of shit, and if it were me making this decision, I'd rent a vps and host it myself. It's really not that difficult.
Yes yes this is a very good point, stay well clear of Wordpress.com, Automattic, or any similar nonsense. All I meant by "Wordpress hosting" was managed hosting from some third-party place like Bluehost or Hostinger. The software is fine, it's all open source and the worst that will happen is 6 months from now, it's not getting a lot of feature updates because the core company that was making it has imploded completely, and someone from the community has taken over security updates.
But yes you need to stay clear of the clusterfuck while it's going on. Don't use Wordpress.com or anything adjacent to it.
Edit: Wait, I didn't even read closely enough. Why would Wordpress.com be safe? I had some vague impression it was connected with Automattic in some way, although I'm not sure, maybe it is just one of the third-party companies. I just feel like anything that's in any way adjacent to Automattic or anything "official" about Wordpress would be best avoided for a while.
Mullenweg owns wordpress.com. It's arguably the only safe place to host WordPress since it's his company and while he seems willing to burn all goodwill down to the ground for wordpress open source, hes (probably) not going to burn his own company and cash cow to the ground.
I mean, it's not a great option, and I may be stupid for saying that, but that was my reasoning for saying so.
TBH, I'd just host it myself if I was going to do it.
Yeah but why would the company run by the crazy person be the only safe place?
It’s open source. Just find a different host that isn’t run by a known unstable human. Literally any other. That would be my feeling on it, at least.
You're not wrong. Again, my logic for that the crazy person is on the warpath towards other hosting companies. For a time he had cut WPEngine off from wordpress.org, which meant thousands of regular people and business running wordpress couldn't update their plugins or wordpress core because they had no access to the .org registries.
Mullenweg isn't going to do that to his own company. I think Mullenweg is a piece of shit, and I would steer clear of wordpress.com. My previous comment pointing towards .com is dumb.
Ah, I got it. Yeah, it makes sense, WP.com is moderately likely to keep working fine probably, it's just that it would make me nervous at this stage. I just don't think he can do anything to really "punish" Bluehost if they're using his software in some way that displeases him. WPEngine's mistake was getting tangled up into a business relationship where they were depending on listings and APIs and things. Although, it probably seemed like a good idea until their business counterpart went off the deep end.
Agree. I'd be nervous about it too. Mullenweg seems pretty unhinged at this point.
If you're in Canada, Rogers (nee Shaw) and Telus small business plans both offer 'static' IPs (Shaw's residential plans aren't officially static, but they rarely change on a residential modem unless you are always switching out hardware). Telus business fibre 1GB plan offers up to 5 static IP addresses.
Then you must purchase one or more domain names and assign them to your IP address... depending on your business's needs even small consumer hardware can run a web server just fine.
Have a backup strategy though! And be sure you actually test the restore procedure on a periodic basis!
Linux backups can range from home-grown 'rsync' scripts and hot-plug external drives as backup, to more fancy 'Time Machine' like backup things (I honestly forget what's out there for Linux right now, I have my own rsync scripts to back up to external drives).
My home server is my own, but if money is on the line you want proper backup and failover even. Most Linux distributions are easy-peasy to set up with Apache or nginx web servers but if you've never set those up you'll need to study lots of tutorials and manual pages.
If you don't want to tend to security and backups yourself though, it might be best to find a hosting service.
Well I hope everyone here has some experience.
I spent $200 on a mini PC. The only thing business is essentially a landing page.
Yunohost handles the security and really the majority of technical stuff for me but it's still going to require some learning. I'm happy to help as much as I can.