this post was submitted on 21 Nov 2023
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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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Recursive
chmod(orchown) has been breaking things since before systemd was a thing, so even if systemd is now responsible for stopping things from working, it can't have been that previously, especially at the time I might have done something silly.As for repairing permissions only, I suppose it would be possible, assuming the system still works (or can somehow be encouraged to do so) to copy only the permissions (or at least infer them) from a backup or something rather than the whole files.
Probably init before that then. I don't think the kernel cares unless explicitly told to care, I've seen some embedded Linux with interesting permissions.