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That's how it is here in Belgium. I pay tax on the income I would get if I would rent out my apartment, even when I'm actually living in it.
Luckily the amounts are based on rent prices as they were in 1975. It's indexed, which means it gets adjusted for (general) inflation, but not for the increased prices in the housing market which is much higher than inflation.
This is just tinkering around the edges. We need land value taxes. This is a guaranteed way to solve these massive housing crises occurring in so many Western nations. LVT ensures expensive land is utilised better. Either by highly productive businesses, or higher density dwellings. Either way, society makes more efficient use of the land, and prices are constrained. It's an excellent way to ensure land banking is disincentivised, and that rentals don't stay vacant. Even Adam Smith was in favour of an LVT. Economists are almost unanimous on its efficacy. The only reason we don't widely deploy them is because it will hurt house prices and voters don't like that.
Landlord should always have a few not rented places so that when someone is ready to move there is a place they can go. They also should be doing major remodels and upgrades approximately every 30 years which means a long stretch of not occupied.
By major remodels and upgrades I assume you mean slapping a coat of white paint to cover the cracks and mold, right?
The coat of paint should be done every 5 years, or when a tenant moves out.
Major I mean things like replace the HVAC system, rewire to add GFCIs, replace windows with something better. If it doesn't cost $20,000 it isn't major. Most landlords do not do this, but it really should be part of the cost of doing business.